The report was developed within the project “Integration of Immigrant Communities in Serbia – New Challenges and Opportunities”, implemented by Group 484 in collaboration with the international organization Save the Children. The project aims, as the title suggests, to identify the needs, challenges, and potentials of refugees and migrants who have arrived in Serbia due to the war in Ukraine – Ukrainians and Russians, with a focus on mothers and children. On the one hand, we aim to adequately respond to their needs and promote the development and utilization of their potential through direct work with them and local communities. On the other hand, we seek to influence the improvement of national integration policies and facilitate access to rights for new immigrant communities. Therefore, two reports were written. One on the status and needs of mothers and children displaced by war in Ukraine, who have received temporary protection in Serbia, questioning the effectiveness of this type of protection for those who have been in Serbia for three years now. The other report is this one, on the status and needs of mothers and children from Russia, who represent the largest immigrant population in Serbia. In this way, we question the adequacy of the system of integration of foreigners in Serbia and the use of their potential for the development of the country.